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MIDI CC explained

ByEnigma XO

MIDI is a technology that allows musical instruments, computers, and other devices to communicate. It sends information about what notes to play, how loud to play them, and other details. MIDI does not send actual sounds but tells devices how to make sounds.

What are MIDI CCs?

MIDI CCs are messages that control various parameters of musical devices and software. CC stands for Continuous Controller. These messages can change things like volume, pan (left-right balance), and effects in real time while music is playing.

When you turn a knob, move a slider, or use a mod wheel on a MIDI controller, you are sending a MIDI CC message. This message has a value between 0 and 127. Different numbers represent different controls. For example, turning a knob might send a CC message that changes the brightness of a sound.

How do MIDI CCs work?

MIDI CCs work by sending specific messages to devices or software. Each CC message has a number and a value:

  • CC Number: This identifies which control is being changed. For example, CC1 might control modulation, and CC7 might control volume.
  • Value: This is a number from 0 to 127 that sets the level of the control. For example, a volume CC7 value of 0 is silence, and 127 is the loudest.

N.B. Moving a controller on your MIDI device sends a CC message with the appropriate number and value. The receiving device or software then changes the parameter based on that message.

Common MIDI CC messages

There are many different MIDI CC messages, each with a specific purpose. Here are some of the most common ones:

  • CC1 – Modulation Wheel: Controls the modulation effect, like vibrato.
  • CC7 – Volume: Adjusts the loudness of the sound.
  • CC10 – Pan: Changes the sound’s position between the left and right speakers.
  • CC64 – Sustain Pedal: Keeps notes sounding even after you release the keys.
  • CC11 – Expression: Allows for dynamic changes in volume or other parameters.

Examples of using MIDI CCs

MIDI CCs are used in many ways to make music. In live shows, musicians can change effects like echo while they play. When recording, producers can automatically adjust the volume and other settings during a song. For creating new sounds, sound designers use MIDI CCs to tweak different parts. They are also used in games and interactive media to control sounds and music based on what the user does. This makes music more dynamic and interesting in different situations.