Lebanon faces crossroads over Hizballah arms

Lebanon prepares for parliamentary elections in May 2026 as Hizballah faces political isolation after recent battles with Israel. President Joseph Aoun took office in January 2025 with Western support and reform plans, but has avoided military action against the armed group. The organization lost many Lebanese allies yet won municipal contests through patronage networks and economic influence.

Hizballah Secretary General Naim Qassem rejected disarmament demands and warned of civil conflict if authorities attempt to seize weapons. Iranian National Security Adviser Ali Larijani visited Beirut in August and pledged Tehran’s continued backing for the resistance movement. Lebanese officials told American envoys that removing arms by year’s end remains impossible despite earlier government promises.

Israel and the United States attacked Iranian nuclear facilities in July, according to President Donald Trump. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu warned strikes against nuclear sites could happen again. Hizballah stayed out of fighting between Iran and Western forces in June, likely following orders from Tehran.

Deputy Morgan Ortagus stated Lebanese citizens deserve freedom from militia control. Former Israeli Defence Minister Yoav Gallant said in September 2024 that Jerusalem would act if Beirut failed to disarm Hizballah. Civil society groups remain divided between those seeking immediate disarmament and others fearing violence from any confrontation.